Product Introduction

Functions of GE 151X1235BC01SA01 gas turbine control system
Fuel control function
Fuel regulation: Accurately control the fuel supply according to the operating status of the gas turbine, such as speed, load, etc. For example, during the startup process, gradually increase the fuel amount to ensure smooth startup; under different load conditions, adjust the fuel amount to maintain stable output power.

Fuel type processing: If the gas turbine can use multiple fuels (such as gas fuel and liquid fuel), the system can select and convert different fuels, and can also calculate the ratio of mixed fuels and control their flow. Like in a dual-fuel gas turbine, the total fuel consumption rate is reasonably decomposed into the ratio of the two fuels to ensure combustion efficiency and performance.

Speed ​​and load control function
Speed ​​control: It is the basic control function of the gas turbine. Different control methods are used in different operating modes (such as grid-connected operation or single-machine operation), such as "differential control" (when grid-connected operation) and "non-differential control" (when single-machine operation) in the Mark V system. The actual speed of the gas turbine is controlled by adjusting the fuel supply and other means to meet the operating requirements and ensure that it matches the speed reference signal.

Load control: Under local load conditions, the requirements of the governor are met by controlling the fuel flow to ensure that the output meets the rated load. According to the changes in load demand, the operating state of the gas turbine is adjusted in time to maintain stable power output or mechanical power output.

Air intake control function
Multi-guide vane opening adjustment: By adjusting the multi-guide vane opening of the air intake duct, the heat consumption value of the gas turbine when operating under heat recovery conditions is minimized. For example, when the heat recovery device is running, the intake volume is optimized according to the requirements of the heat recovery system and the operating parameters of the gas turbine to improve the overall energy utilization efficiency.

Temperature control function
Turbine inlet temperature limit: In order to protect the hot parts of the gas turbine (such as turbine blades, etc.), the control system will limit the temperature of the turbine inlet. Avoid damage to components due to excessive temperature, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure that the gas turbine operates within a safe temperature range.

Temperature control during acceleration: During the start-up or acceleration of the gas turbine, the control system limits the acceleration rate of the turbine to reduce the thermal shock of the hot parts, prevent the problem of thermal stress concentration caused by rapid temperature changes, and ensure that the low-cycle fatigue of the hot channel components is minimized.

Sequence control function
Start sequence control: After receiving the start command, the program signal is issued according to the prescribed start procedure, and the starter is automatically started, driving the gas turbine rotor to rotate, the gas turbine to ignite, and the rotor to accelerate until the rated speed is reached. The entire startup process requires that while ensuring rapid startup, the hot channel components should not generate too much thermal stress to ensure the safety and smoothness of the startup process.

Shutdown sequence control: Automatically complete the shutdown procedure to ensure the safety of each component of the gas turbine during the shutdown process, and gradually stop the operation of each system in a predetermined order to avoid damage to the equipment caused by sudden shutdown.

Protection function
Preventing violation of program operation: Monitor the operator's operating instructions, prevent operations that do not comply with operating procedures, and ensure the safe operation of the gas turbine system. For example, prevent starting, shutting down or adjusting operations at inappropriate times.

Operating condition protection: Protect against operating conditions that are not conducive to safe operation, such as monitoring the abnormal conditions of gas turbines such as overspeed, overtemperature, ignition, flameout, lack of lubricating oil, and excessive vibration, and take timely measures when these problems occur, such as alarm, shutdown or adjustment of operating parameters, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

Basic working principle of gas turbines
The working principle of gas turbines is based on the Brayton cycle, which is a thermodynamic cycle that converts chemical energy in fuel into mechanical energy through compression, heating, expansion and cooling. In a gas turbine, air is first compressed, then mixed with fuel and burned in the combustion chamber. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas produced drives the turbine to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.

Performance parameters of gas turbines
GE heavy-duty gas turbines have a wide range of outputs, from 199,997 horsepower (20,000 kilowatts) to 378,162 horsepower (282,000 kilowatts). Mechanical drive units are rated between 14,520 hp and 108,200 hp (10,828 kW to 80,685 kW)2. These parameters are critical to ensuring efficient operation of gas turbines in different application scenarios.

Composition and functions of gas turbine control systems
Core components of the control system
The gas turbine control system is mainly composed of the following core components:

Control system hardware: including hardware devices such as controllers, sensors and actuators, which are used to monitor and control various parameters of the gas turbine in real time.
Software system: responsible for processing sensor data, executing control logic, and communicating with hardware devices.

Functions of the control system
The main functions of the gas turbine control system include:
Monitor and adjust the operating status of the gas turbine: monitor the speed, temperature, pressure and other key parameters of the gas turbine in real time through sensors, and adjust them as needed.
Optimize combustion efficiency and performance: improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions by adjusting parameters such as ignition timing and fuel mixture ratio.
Safety protection: automatically take protective measures when abnormal conditions are detected to prevent equipment damage and safety accidents.
Troubleshooting and maintenance of gas turbine control system
Common faults and solutions
Gas turbine control systems may encounter various faults during use. The following are some common faults and their solutions:

Controller current overload: It may be caused by encoder problems, line interference or motor failure. Solutions include checking the encoder, cleaning the line or replacing the motor.
Communication bus failure: It may be caused by poor contact of the communication line or module failure. Solutions include checking the communication line, replacing the module or reconnecting the communication line3.
Preventive maintenance plan
In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the gas turbine control system, it is recommended to formulate and implement a preventive maintenance plan:

Regular inspection plan: Develop a regular inspection plan to prevent potential problems.
Regular maintenance work: Perform preventive maintenance to extend the life of the engine, including replacing filters, cleaning air filters, etc.

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